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distinctive note

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1 distinctive note

Парфюмерия: отличительная нота

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > distinctive note
2 distinctive note

отличительная нота

English-Russian perfumery & beauty care dictionary > distinctive note
3 distinctive

1. n отличительное свойство; особенность, характерная черта

distinctive mark — отличительный знак

distinctive note — отличительная нота

distinctive aroma — отличительный запах

distinctive colors — отличительные цвета

distinctive emphasis — характерная выразительность

2. a отличительный, характерный, особенный

distinctive feature — отличительная черта

distinctive colors — отличительные цвета; основные цвета

3. a лингв. различительный

distinctive function — различительная функция

distinctive trademark — товарный знак, обладающий различительной силой

4. a редк. проницательный

5. a редк. своеобразный

Синонимический ряд:

1. particular (adj.) especial; exceptional; particular

2. unique (adj.) characteristic; diacritic; diagnostic; distinct; distinguishing; extraordinary; idiosyncratic; individual; peculiar; proper; singular; special; typical; uncommon; unique

Антонимический ряд:

common; ordinary

English-Russian base dictionary > distinctive
4 note

1. n обыкн. заметка, запись

field notes — данные полевого журнала, полевые данные; полевой журнал

critical notes — критические заметки

short-hand notes — стенограмма

notes of a journey — путевые записки, дорожный журнал, путевой дневник

to lecture from notes — читать лекцию по конспекту

to speak without a note — выступать без всяких записок

to make notes — записывать делать заметки ; составлять конспект, делать выписки

marginal note — заметка на полях

to make a note — сделать заметку, записать

2. n примечание; сноска, ссылка

bibliographical notes — библиографическая справка

magnetic note — справка о магнитном склонении

explanatory note — пояснение, примечание

in-cut note — внутритекстовое примечание

side note — примечание, помещенное сбоку

bottom note — подстрочное примечание; сноска

above referred note — вышеупомянутое примечание

3. n записка; короткое личное письмо

a note of thanks — благодарственное письмо

personal note — личная нота

judging note — судейская записка

broker's note — маклерская записка

handwritten note — записка от руки

to give the note — отдать записку

4. n письменное уведомление

confirmation note — подтверждение договора

note of authority — письменное разрешение

sale note — брокерское уведомление о продаже

advice note — уведомление, авизо, андинование

5. n ком. накладная

consignment note — накладная на груз

delivery note — накладная

rail consignment note — железнодорожная накладная

air consignment note — воздушная транспортная накладная

6. n расписка

note of hand — долговая расписка

contract note — договорная расписка

obligatory note — долговая расписка

7. n фин. юр. долговая расписка, простой вексель

promissory note — простой вексель, долговое обязательство

collateral note — обеспеченный вексель

to collect a note — инкассировать вексель

shortterm note — краткосрочный простой вексель

short-term note — краткосрочный простой вексель

issued a promissory note — выдал простой вексель

issue a promissory note — выдавать простой вексель

8. n муз. нота; тон

mandarin note — нота мандарина

note edit — редактирование нот

note value — длительность ноты

note verbale — вербальная нота

oriental note — восточная нота

9. n тон, нотка

a note of sadness — нотка грусти

beat note — тон биений

leading note — вводный тон

note of humor — нотка юмора

principal note — основной тон

note quantize — квантизация нот

10. n звук; пение; крик

to give note — петь

non-harmonic note — неаккордовый звук

box note — коробочный перкураторный звук

natural note — звук натурального звукоряда

call note — призывный крик птицы или животного

11. n поэт. арх. музыка, мелодия

note of praise — хвалебная песнь

12. n разг. нечто заслуживающее внимания

the greatest note that has taken place yet — наиболее примечательное событие из всех, происшедших за последнее время

take note — обращать внимание

took note of — обратил внимание на

take note of — обращать внимание на

worthy of note — достойный внимания

read, note — изучить, принять во внимание

13. n репутация, известность

critic of note — видный критик

a family of note — знаменитый род, громкое имя

14. n отличительный признак; характерное свойство

essential note — существенный признак

distinctive note — отличительная нота

15. n фин. билет; кредитный билет

treasury note — казначейский билет

legal tender note — казначейский билет

anticipation note — кредитное обязательство

16. n фин. банкнота, банковский билет

note issue — эмиссия банкнот

pound note — банкнота в один фунт стерлингов

note issuing authority — право выпуска банкнот

bank of england note — банкнот Английского банка

Bank of England note — банкнота Английского банка

note printing press — станок для печатания банкнот

17. n фин. полигр. знак, не содержащий буквы

note of interrogation — вопросительный знак

currency note — денежные знак

note of admiration — восклицательный знак

note of exclamation — восклицательный знак

note of interrogation — вопросительный знак

18. n фин. сигнал, знак; весть, извещение, уведомление

note of warning — предупреждение

dispatch note — извещение об отправке

goods received note — извещение о получении товара

19. n фин. редк. условный знак, печать, клеймо

to set a note of infamy — заклеймить позором

20. v замечать, обращать внимание; примечать, подмечать

to note a misprint — заметить опечатку

to note a resemblance — подметить сходство

taken note of — обратил внимание на; получить внимание

taking note of — обращающий внимание на; уделение внимания

21. v офиц. принимать к сведению; констатировать

to note the content of a letter — принять к сведению содержание письма

we duly note that … — мы соответственно принимаем к сведению …

service note — акт о конфискации груза таможней

inspection note — акт об осмотре имущества

seizure note — акт о конфискации груза

take formal note — составлять акт

took formal note — составил акт

22. v делать заметки, записи, записывать

the author has noted his comments in the margin of the manuscript — автор написал свои замечания на полях рукописи

contents note — запись о содержании книги в каталожном или библиографическом описании

23. v составлять примечания, пояснения, комментарии; аннотировать

bibliographical note — библиографическое примечание

note statement — оператор комментария; комментарий

editorial note — редакционное примечание

cut-in note — внутритекстовое примечание

technical note — техническое примечание

24. v упоминать; отмечать; указывать

as the author notes … — как отмечает автор …

as I noted before — как я уже заметил

25. v фин. опротестовать

26. v редк. обозначать, значить; указывать

27. v уст. клеймить, позорить

Синонимический ряд:

1. bill (noun) bill; certificate; check; draft

2. call (noun) call; cry; song

3. commentary (noun) annotation; assessment; comment; commentary; criticism; critique; explanation; footnote; interpretation; remark

4. fame (noun) celebrity; consequence; distinction; eminence; fame; importance; name; renown; reputation; repute

5. IOU (noun) IOU; paper money

6. letter (noun) epistle; letter; missive

7. mark (noun) glory; illustriousness; lustre; mark; notability; pre-eminence; prestige; prominence

8. message (noun) chit; communiquй; dispatch; jotting; memo; memorandum; message; minute; notandum; notation; summary

9. notice (noun) attention; cognisance; cognizance; consideration; ear; heed; notice; obiter dictum; observance; observation; regard

10. representation (noun) figure; pitch; representation; sign; symbol

11. indicate (verb) denote; designate; indicate; mention; refer to

12. record (verb) enter; jot down; mark down; record; register; transcribe; write down

13. see (verb) behold; comment; descry; discern; distinguish; espy; heed; look at; mark; mind; notice; observe; perceive; recognize; regard; remark; see; twig; view

Антонимический ряд:

overlook

English-Russian base dictionary > note
5 distinctive

отличительный

distinctive mark — отличительный знак

distinctive note — отличительная нота

distinctive aroma — отличительный запах

distinctive colors — отличительные цвета

distinctive feature — отличительная черта

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > distinctive
6 distinctive

отличительный

distinctive colors — отличительные цвета; основные цвета

distinctive feature — отличительная черта

distinctive colors — отличительные цвета

distinctive aroma — отличительный запах

distinctive note — отличительная нота

English-Russian big medical dictionary > distinctive
7 mark

I 1. noun
1) (trace) Spur, die; (of finger, foot also) Abdruck, der; (stain etc.) Fleck, der; (scratch) Kratzer, der

dirty mark — Schmutzfleck, der

leave one's/its mark on something — (fig.) einer Sache (Dat.) seinen Stempel aufdrücken

make one's/its mark — (fig.) sich (Dat.) einen Namen machen

2) (affixed sign, indication, symbol) Zeichen, das; (in trade names) Typ, der (Technik)

distinguishing mark — Kennzeichen, das

Mark 2 version/model — Version/Modell 2

have all the marks of something — alle Anzeichen von etwas haben

be a mark of good taste/breeding — ein Zeichen guten Geschmacks/guter Erziehung sein

something is the mark of a good writer — an etwas (Dat.) erkennt man einen guten Schriftsteller

3) (Sch.): (grade) Zensur, die; Note, die; (Sch., Sport): (unit of numerical award) Punkt, der

get good/bad/35 marks in or for a subject — gute/schlechte Noten od. Zensuren/35 Punkte in einem Fach bekommen

4) (line etc. to indicate position) Markierung, die

5) (level) Marke, die

reach the 15 % mark — die 15 %-Marke erreichen

around the 300 mark — ungefähr 300

6) (Sport): (starting position) Startlinie, die

on your marks! [get set! go!] — auf die Plätze! [Fertig! Los!]

be quick/slow off the mark — einen guten/schlechten Start haben; (fig.) fix (ugs.) /langsam sein

7) (target, desired object) Ziel, das

hit the mark — (fig.) ins Schwarze treffen

be wide of the mark — (lit. or fig.) danebentreffen

be close to the mark — (fig.) der Sache nahe kommen
2. transitive verb
1) (stain, dirty) Flecke[n] machen auf (+ Dat.); schmutzig machen; (scratch) zerkratzen

2) (put distinguishing mark on, signal) kennzeichnen, markieren ( with mit)

the bottle was marked ‘poison’ — die Flasche trug die Aufschrift "Gift"

mark an item with its price — eine Ware auszeichnen od. mit einem Preisschild versehen

ceremonies to mark the tenth anniversary — Feierlichkeiten aus Anlass des 10. Jahrestages

3) (Sch.) (correct) korrigieren; (grade) benoten; zensieren

mark an answer wrong — eine Antwort als falsch bewerten

4)

mark time — (Mil.; also fig.) auf der Stelle treten

5) (characterize) kennzeichnen; charakterisieren

6) (heed) hören auf (+ Akk.) [Person, Wort]

[you] mark my words — höre auf mich; eins kann ich dir sagen; (as a warning) lass dir das gesagt sein

7) (Brit. Sport): (keep close to) markieren (fachspr.), decken [Gegenspieler]

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/45241/mark_down">mark down

- mark off

- mark out

- mark up
II noun
(monetary unit) Mark, die

* * *
1. noun
1) ((also Deutsche Mark, Deutschmark) the standard unit of German currency before the euro.)

2) (a point given as a reward for good work etc: She got good marks in the exam.)

3) (a stain: That spilt coffee has left a mark on the carpet.)

4) (a sign used as a guide to position etc: There's a mark on the map showing where the church is.)

5) (a cross or other sign used instead of a signature: He couldn't sign his name, so he made his mark instead.)

6) (an indication or sign of a particular thing: a mark of respect.)
2. verb
1) (to put a mark or stain on, or to become marked or stained: Every pupil's coat must be marked with his name; That coffee has marked the tablecloth; This white material marks easily.)

2) (to give marks to (a piece of work): I have forty exam-papers to mark tonight.)

3) (to show; to be a sign of: X marks the spot where the treasure is buried.)

4) (to note: Mark it down in your notebook.)

5) ((in football etc) to keep close to (an opponent) so as to prevent his getting the ball: Your job is to mark the centre-forward.)

•

- marked
- markedly
- marker
- marksman
- marksmanship
- leave/make one's mark
- mark out
- mark time
* * *

mark¹

[mɑ:k, AM mɑ:rk]

I. n

1. (spot, stain) Fleck m; (on the skin) Mal nt; (when burnt) Brandmal nt geh; (scratch) Kratzer m, Schramme f; (trace) Spur f; (scar) Narbe f; (fingerprint, footprint) Abdruck m

the wine left a permanent \mark on his shirt der Wein hinterließ bleibende Flecken auf seinem Hemd

his fingers had left \marks all over the table auf dem Tisch waren überall seine Fingerabdrücke zu sehen

dirt/paint \marks Schmutz-/Farbflecken pl

2. (identifying feature) [Kenn]zeichen nt, Merkmal nt; ZOOL Kennung f; (on fur)

▪ \marks pl Zeichnung f

it's the [distinguishing] \mark of a gentleman/good newspaper to... es zeichnet einen Gentleman/eine gute Zeitung aus [o man erkennt einen Gentleman/eine gute Zeitung daran], dass er/sie...

the crime bears all the \marks of a planned murder alle Anzeichen weisen auf einen geplanten Mord hin

distinguishing [or identifying] \marks unverwechselbare Kennzeichen

3. ( fig: indication) Zeichen nt

a \mark of appreciation/respect ein Zeichen nt der Wertschätzung/des Respekts

4. (sign to indicate position) Markierung f

adjusting \mark TECH Einstellmarke f

5. (sign to distinguish) Zeichen nt

\mark of origin Herkunftszeichen nt

trade \mark Warenzeichen nt, Schutzmarke f

6. (signature) Kreuz nt

to make one's \mark [on sth] sein Kreuz [unter etw akk] setzen

7. (for punctuation) Satzzeichen nt

exclamation/quotation \mark Ausrufe-/Fragezeichen nt

quotation \marks Anführungszeichen pl

8. SCH (grade) Note f, Zensur f

what \mark did you get for biology? was hast du in Biologie bekommen?

no \marks for guessing who did this ( fig fam) es ist nicht schwer zu erraten, wer das gemacht hat

to get bad/good \marks for sth schlechte/gute Noten für etw akk bekommen

to get full \marks [for sth] BRIT, AUS die Bestnote [für etw akk] erhalten

full \marks for guessing who I met at the party ( fig fam) hundert Punkte, wenn du drauf kommst, wen ich auf der Party getroffen habe fam

9. no pl (required standard) Standard m, Norm f

to be up to the \mark den Anforderungen [o Erwartungen] entsprechen

to not feel up to the \mark nicht ganz auf der Höhe sein fam

10. no pl ( fig: distinction) Rang m

he is a man of \mark er ist eine Persönlichkeit von Rang

11. (point) Marke f

sales have already passed the million \mark die Verkaufszahlen haben die Millionenmarke bereits überschritten

to be over the halfway \mark über die Hälfte geschafft haben

12. ( also fig: target) Ziel nt, Zielscheibe f a. fig

to be an easy \mark AM ( fig) leicht reinzulegen sein fam

to be wide of [or quite off] the \mark das Ziel um Längen verfehlen a. fig

to hit the \mark [genau] ins Schwarze treffen a. fig

to miss the \mark vorbeischießen; ( fig) seinen Zweck verfehlen

to overshoot the \mark über das Ziel hinausschießen a. fig

13. (in a race) Start m; (starting block) Startblock m; (starting line) Startlinie f

on your \marks, get set, go! auf die Plätze, fertig, los!

14. (version of a car) Modell nt

a \mark 4 Escort ein Escort Modell 4

15. COMPUT Marke f fachspr

16. ( hist: frontier area) Mark f hist

17.

▶ to leave its/one's \mark on sb/sth seine Spuren bei jdm/etw hinterlassen

she left her \mark on the company sie hat den Betrieb sehr geprägt

▶ to make one's \mark auffallen

▶ to be slow/quick off the \mark (understand) schwer/schnell von Begriff sein fam; (take action) langsam/[blitz]schnell reagieren

you'll have to be quick off the \mark with that application du musst dich mit der Bewerbung beeilen

II. vt

1. (stain)

▪ to \mark sth etw schmutzig machen

2. usu passive (scar)

his face was \marked for life er hat bleibende Narben im Gesicht zurückbehalten

the man's body was \marked with blows from a blunt weapon die Leiche des Mannes trug Spuren von Schlägen mit einer stumpfen Waffe

3. (indicate)

▪ to \mark sth etw markieren [o bezeichnen] [o kennzeichnen

4. (label)

▪ to \mark sth etw beschriften; (indicate the price of) etw auszeichnen

the bottle was \marked ‘poison’ die Flasche trug die Aufschrift ‚Gift‘

they \marked the shirts at €20 sie zeichneten die Hemden mit 20 Euro aus

to \mark a route on a plan eine Route auf einem Plan einzeichnen

5.

▪ to \mark sth (characterize) etw kennzeichnen [o markieren]; (mean) etw bedeuten

to \mark the beginning/end of sth den Anfang/das Ende einer S. gen markieren

to \mark a turning point einen Wendepunkt darstellen

6. (commemorate)

▪ to \mark sth an etw akk erinnern

a concert to \mark the 10th anniversary ein Konzert aus Anlass des zehnten Jahrestages

a speech to \mark the occasion eine Rede zur Feier des Tages

7. SCH

▪ to \mark sth etw zensieren

▪ to \mark sb jdn benoten

8. (clearly identify)

▪ to \mark sb/sth as sb/sth jdn/etw als jdn/etw kennzeichnen [o auszeichnen]

your clothes \mark you as a man of good taste Ihre Kleider lassen erkennen, dass Sie ein Mann von gutem Geschmack sind

9. usu passive AM (destine)

▪ to be \marked as/for sth zu etw dat /für etw akk bestimmt sein

10. SPORT, FBALL

▪ to \mark sb jdn decken

11. SCI

▪ to \mark sth receptacle etw eichen

12.

▶ to \mark time (in a parade) auf der Stelle marschieren; ( fig: not move forward) die Zeit überbrücken

▶ [you] \mark my words! lass dir das gesagt sein!

III. vi

1. (get dirty) schmutzig [o SCHWEIZ a. dreckig] werden, schmutzen, verdrecken SCHWEIZ; (scratch) Kratzer [o Schrammen] bekommen

2. SCH (give marks) Noten vergeben; (correct) korrigieren

3. (pay attention)

\mark! Achtung!

mark²

<pl -s or ->

[mɑ:k, AM mɑ:rk]

n short for Deutschmark Mark f

* * *
[mAːk]
n
Markus m
Mark Antony — Mark Anton

* * *

mark¹ [mɑː(r)k]

A s

1. Markierung f, Mal n, besonders TECH Marke f:

make a mark in the calendar sich einen Tag rot anstreichen

2. fig Zeichen n:

mark of confidence Vertrauensbeweis m;

mark of favo(u)r Gunstbezeigung f;

mark of respect Zeichen der Hochachtung;

God bless ( oder save) the mark obs umg mit Verlaub zu sagen

3. (Kenn)Zeichen n, ( auch charakteristisches) Merkmal:

distinctive mark Kennzeichen

4. (Schrift-, Satz-) Zeichen n:

mark of correction Korrekturzeichen

5. Orientierungs-, Sichtzeichen n:

a mark for pilots

6. (An)Zeichen n:

a mark of great carelessness

7. a) (Eigentums)Zeichen n

b) Brandmal n

8. roter Fleck (auf der Haut), Strieme f, Schwiele f

9. Narbe f ( auch TECH)

10. Kerbe f, Einschnitt m

11. (Hand-, Namens) Zeichen n, Kreuz n (eines Analphabeten)

12. Ziel n (auch fig), Zielscheibe f:

hit the mark

a) (das Ziel) treffen,

b) fig ins Schwarze treffen;

miss the mark das Ziel verfehlen, danebenschießen (beide a. fig);

be off (wide of) the mark

a) (weit) danebenschießen,

b) fig sich (gewaltig) irren, (Schätzung etc) (weit) danebenliegen;

£1,000 will be nearer to the mark kommen (schon) eher hin umg

13. fig Norm f:

below the mark

a) unter dem Durchschnitt,

b) gesundheitlich etc nicht auf der Höhe umg;

be up to the mark

a) den Anforderungen gewachsen sein (Person) oder genügen (Leistungen etc),

b) gesundheitlich auf der Höhe sein umg;

within the mark

a) innerhalb der erlaubten Grenzen,

b) berechtigt ( in doing sth etwas zu tun);

overshoot ( oder overstep) the mark

a) über das Ziel hinausschießen umg,

b) zu weit gehen, den Bogen überspannen

14. (aufgeprägter) Stempel, Gepräge n

15. a) (Fuß-, Brems- etc) Spur f:

leave one’s mark (up)on fig seinen Stempel aufdrücken (dat); bei jemandem seine Spuren hinterlassen;

make one’s mark sich einen Namen machen, sich profilieren ( beide:

on, upon in einem Betrieb etc)

b) Fleck m

c) Abdruck m:

leave a mark einen Abdruck hinterlassen, sich abdrücken

16. fig Bedeutung f, Rang m:

a man of mark eine markante oder bedeutende Persönlichkeit

17. Marke f, Sorte f:

mark of quality Qualitätsmarke

18. WIRTSCH

a) (Fabrik-, Waren) Zeichen n, (Schutz-, Handels-) Marke f

b) Preisangabe f

19. SCHIFF

a) (abgemarkte) Fadenlänge (der Lotleine)

b) Landmarke f

c) Bake f, Leitzeichen n

d) Mark n, Ladungsbezeichnung f

e) Marke f

20. MIL, TECH Modell n, Type f:

a mark V tank ein Panzer(wagen) der Type V

21. SCHULE

a) Note f ( auch SPORT), Zensur f:

get ( oder obtain) full marks die beste Note bekommen, die höchste Punktzahl erreichen;

give sb full marks for sth fig jemandem für etwas höchstes Lob zollen;

he gained 20 marks for Greek im Griechischen bekam er 20 Punkte;

bad mark Note für schlechtes Betragen

b) pl Zeugnis n:

bad marks ein schlechtes Zeugnis

22. umg (das) Richtige:

that’s not my mark das ist nicht mein Geschmack, das ist nicht das Richtige für mich

23. → easy A 1

24. SPORT

a) Fußball: (Elfmeter) Punkt m

b) Boxen: sl Magengrube f

c) Bowls: Zielkugel f

d) Laufsport: Startlinie f:

on your marks! auf die Plätze!;

be quick (slow) off the mark einen guten (schlechten) Start haben, fig schnell (langsam) reagieren oder umg schalten

25. meist mark of mouth Bohne f, Kennung f (Alterszeichen an Pferdezähnen)

26. HIST

a) Mark f, Grenzgebiet n

b) Gemeindemark f, Allmende f:

mark moot Gemeindeversammlung f

B v/t

1. markieren:

a) Wege, Gegenstände etc kennzeichnen

b) Stellen auf einer Karte etc bezeichnen, (provisorisch) andeuten

c) Wäsche zeichnen:

mark by a dotted line durch eine punktierte Linie kennzeichnen;

mark (with a hot iron) brandmarken;

mark time

a) MIL auf der Stelle treten (a. fig),

b) fig nicht vom Fleck kommen,

c) abwarten,

d) MUS den Takt schlagen

2. a) Spuren hinterlassen auf (dat):

his hobnails marked the floor

b) fig jemanden zeichnen (Krankheit etc)

3. eine Ära etc kennzeichnen, kennzeichnend sein für:

the day was marked by heavy fighting der Tag stand im Zeichen schwerer Kämpfe;

no triumph marks her manner es ist nicht ihre Art aufzutrumpfen

4. ein Zeichen sein für:

that marks him for a leader das zeigt, dass er sich zum Führer eignet;

he has all the qualities that mark a good doctor er hat alle Eigenschaften, die einen guten Arzt ausmachen

5. (aus mehreren) bestimmen, (aus)wählen, ausersehen ( alle:

for für)

6. hervorheben:

mark the occasion (Redew) zur Feier des Tages, aus diesem Anlass

7. zum Ausdruck bringen, zeigen:

mark one’s displeasure by hissing

8. SCHULE benoten, zensieren, SPORT bewerten

9. notieren, vermerken

10. sich etwas merken:

mark my words denke an meine Worte oder an mich!

11. bemerken, beachten, achtgeben auf (akk)

12. WIRTSCH

a) Waren auszeichnen

b) Br (öffentlich) notieren (lassen)

c) den Preis festsetzen: → mark down 1

13. LING einen Akzent setzen, eine Länge bezeichnen

14. SPORT

a) seinen Gegenspieler decken, (gut etc) markieren:

mark sb man to man jemanden manndecken, jemanden in Manndeckung nehmen;

mark sb out of the game jemanden (völlig) abmelden umg

b) Punkte, Tore etc aufschreiben, notieren:

mark the game → C 4 b

C v/i

1. markieren

2. achtgeben, aufpassen

3. sich etwas merken:

mark you wohlgemerkt

4. SPORT

a) decken

b) den Spielstand laufend notieren

5. mark easily (quickly) leicht (schnell) schmutzen

mark² [mɑː(r)k] s WIRTSCH

1. (deutsche) Mark

2. HIST Mark f:

a) schottische Silbermünze im Werte von etwa 67 p

b) Gold- und Silbergewicht von etwa 8 Unzen

M abk

1. FLUG PHYS Mach number

2. Br motorway

3. mega-

4. million

5. HIST (Währung) mark ( marks pl) DM

mk (mks) abk HIST (Währung) mark ( marks pl) DM f oder pl

* * *
I 1. noun
1) (trace) Spur, die; (of finger, foot also) Abdruck, der; (stain etc.) Fleck, der; (scratch) Kratzer, der

dirty mark — Schmutzfleck, der

leave one's/its mark on something — (fig.) einer Sache (Dat.) seinen Stempel aufdrücken

make one's/its mark — (fig.) sich (Dat.) einen Namen machen

2) (affixed sign, indication, symbol) Zeichen, das; (in trade names) Typ, der (Technik)

distinguishing mark — Kennzeichen, das

Mark 2 version/model — Version/Modell 2

have all the marks of something — alle Anzeichen von etwas haben

be a mark of good taste/breeding — ein Zeichen guten Geschmacks/guter Erziehung sein

something is the mark of a good writer — an etwas (Dat.) erkennt man einen guten Schriftsteller

3) (Sch.): (grade) Zensur, die; Note, die; (Sch., Sport): (unit of numerical award) Punkt, der

get good/bad/35 marks in or for a subject — gute/schlechte Noten od. Zensuren/35 Punkte in einem Fach bekommen

4) (line etc. to indicate position) Markierung, die

5) (level) Marke, die

reach the 15 % mark — die 15 %-Marke erreichen

around the 300 mark — ungefähr 300

6) (Sport): (starting position) Startlinie, die

on your marks! [get set! go!] — auf die Plätze! [Fertig! Los!]

be quick/slow off the mark — einen guten/schlechten Start haben; (fig.) fix (ugs.) /langsam sein

7) (target, desired object) Ziel, das

hit the mark — (fig.) ins Schwarze treffen

be wide of the mark — (lit. or fig.) danebentreffen

be close to the mark — (fig.) der Sache nahe kommen
2. transitive verb
1) (stain, dirty) Flecke[n] machen auf (+ Dat.); schmutzig machen; (scratch) zerkratzen

2) (put distinguishing mark on, signal) kennzeichnen, markieren ( with mit)

the bottle was marked ‘poison’ — die Flasche trug die Aufschrift "Gift"

mark an item with its price — eine Ware auszeichnen od. mit einem Preisschild versehen

ceremonies to mark the tenth anniversary — Feierlichkeiten aus Anlass des 10. Jahrestages

3) (Sch.) (correct) korrigieren; (grade) benoten; zensieren

mark an answer wrong — eine Antwort als falsch bewerten

4)

mark time — (Mil.; also fig.) auf der Stelle treten

5) (characterize) kennzeichnen; charakterisieren

6) (heed) hören auf (+ Akk.) [Person, Wort]

[you] mark my words — höre auf mich; eins kann ich dir sagen; (as a warning) lass dir das gesagt sein

7) (Brit. Sport): (keep close to) markieren (fachspr.), decken [Gegenspieler]

Phrasal Verbs:

- mark down

- mark off

- mark out

- mark up
II noun
(monetary unit) Mark, die

* * *

(UK) (school) n.

Schulnote f. (german monetary unit) n.

Mark nur sing. m. (school) n.

Zensur -en f. n.

Eindruck -¨e m.

Marke -n f.

Markierung f.

Zeichen - n. (on) v.

einzeichnen (auf) ausdr.

markieren v. v.

beachten v.

kennzeichnen v.

zensieren (Zensuren geben) v.

zensieren v.

English-german dictionary > mark
8 individualize

in·di·vidu·al·ize

[ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤuəlaɪz]

vt

▪ to \individualize sth

1. (adapt) etw nach individuellen Bedürfnissen ausrichten [o gestalten]

we have to \individualize our service wir müssen unseren Service stärker an individuellen Kundenbedürfnissen orientieren

2. (make distinctive) etw individuell[er] gestalten, etw dat eine individuelle[re] [o persönliche[re]] [o eigene] Note verleihen [o geben]

* * *
["IndI'vIdjUəlaIz]
vt
individualisieren; (= treat separately) einzeln behandeln; (= give individuality to) book, author's style, performance eine persönliche or individuelle or eigene Note verleihen (+dat)
each patient has individualized treatment/an individualized exercise plan — jeder Patient bekommt eine individuelle Behandlung/seinen eigenen Trainingsplan

* * *

individualize v/t

1. individualisieren:

a) individuell behandeln

b) einzeln betrachten

2. individuell gestalten, eine persönliche Note geben oder verleihen (dat):

individualized gifts persönliche Geschenke

* * *

(US) v.

individualisieren v.

English-german dictionary > individualize
9 sound

I 1. [saʊnd]
nome

1) fis. telev. rad. suono m.

2) (noise) rumore m.; (of bell, instrument, voice) suono m.

the sound of voices — il brusio

without a sound — senza fare rumore

3) (volume) audio m., volume m.

4) mus. (distinctive style)

the Motown sound — il sound Motown

5) fig. (impression from hearsay)

I don't like the sound of that — (la cosa) non mi ispira o non mi piace per niente

by the sound of it,... — a quanto pare
2.
modificatore [engineer, technician] del suono
3.
aggettivo

1) (in good condition) [building, constitution] solido; [ heart] forte; [lungs, physique] sano; [ health] buono

of sound mind — sano di mente

2) (well-founded) [basis, education] solido; [ judgment] sensato; [ advice] valido

he has a sound grasp of the basic grammar — ha delle solide basi grammaticali

a sound move — una mossa accorta

3) (trustworthy)

he's very sound — è molto fidato

4) econ. comm. [ investment] sicuro; [ management] oculato

5) (deep) [ sleep] profondo

6) (correct, acceptable)

that is sound economics — è molto sensato dal punto di vista economico

our products are ecologically sound — i nostri prodotti sono ecologicamente compatibili

he's politically sound — ha sane idee politiche
4.
avverbio

to be sound asleep — essere profondamente addormentato, dormire della grossa
II 1. [saʊnd]
verbo transitivo

1) fare suonare [ siren]; suonare [ trumpet]

to sound one's horn — suonare il clacson

to sound the alarm — dare l'allarme (anche fig.)

2) ling. pronunciare [ letter]

3) med. auscultare [ chest]

4) (express) dare [ warning]
2.
verbo intransitivo

1) (seem) sembrare

it sounds good — sembra proprio interessante

it sounds as if he's really in trouble — sembra che sia proprio nei pasticci

it sounds dangerous — sembra pericoloso

it doesn't sound to me as if he's interested — non mi pare proprio che sia interessato

2) (give impression by voice or tone)

to sound banal, boring — sembrare banale, noioso

you make it sound interesting — lo rendi interessante

you sound as if you've got a cold — sembri raffreddato

that sounds like a flute — si direbbe un flauto

you sound like my mother! — mi sembra di sentire mia madre!

I don't want to sound pessimistic — non voglio sembrare pessimista

spell it as it sounds — scrivilo come si pronuncia

3) (convey impression) fare, suonare

she calls herself Geraldine - it sounds more sophisticated — si fa chiamare Geraldine - fa più sofisticato

it may sound silly, but... — può sembrare stupido, ma

4) (make a noise) [trumpet, alarm, buzzer, siren] suonare

•

- sound off

- sound out
III [saʊnd]
nome geogr. stretto m.

* * *
I adjective
1) (strong or in good condition: The foundations of the house are not very sound; He's 87, but he's still sound in mind and body.)

2) ((of sleep) deep: She's a very sound sleeper.)

3) (full; thorough: a sound basic training.)

4) (accurate; free from mistakes: a sound piece of work.)

5) (having or showing good judgement or good sense: His advice is always very sound.)

•

- soundly
- soundness
- sound asleep II 1. noun
1) (the impressions transmitted to the brain by the sense of hearing: a barrage of sound; ( also adjective) sound waves.)

2) (something that is, or can be, heard: The sounds were coming from the garage.)

3) (the impression created in the mind by a piece of news, a description etc: I didn't like the sound of her hairstyle at all!)
2. verb
1) (to (cause something to) make a sound: Sound the bell!; The bell sounded.)

2) (to signal (something) by making a sound: Sound the alarm!)

3) ((of something heard or read) to make a particular impression; to seem; to appear: Your singing sounded very good; That sounds like a train.)

4) (to pronounce: In the word `pneumonia', the letter p is not sounded.)

5) (to examine by tapping and listening carefully: She sounded the patient's chest.)

•

- soundless
- soundlessly
- sound effects
- soundproof 3. verb
(to make (walls, a room etc) soundproof.) insonorizzare

- sound-track
III verb
(to measure the depth of (water etc).)

- sounding
- sound out
* * *
sound (1) /saʊnd/
a.

1 sano ( anche fig.); buono; in buone condizioni fisiche; solido; valido; efficace; fondato (fig.): a sound mind in a sound body, mente sana in corpo sano; safe and sound, sano e salvo; a sound economic policy, una sana politica economica; sound advice, buoni consigli; consigli validi; a sound ship, una nave in buone condizioni; a sound bank, una banca solida; a sound method, un metodo valido; sound criticism, critiche efficaci, fondate

2 accurato; completo: a sound investigation, un'accurata indagine

3 ( del sonno) profondo; tranquillo: to be sound asleep, dormir della grossa; dormire profondamente

4 (comm.) solvibile

5 ( di persona) integro; onesto; fidato: a sound friend, un amico fidato

6 (leg.: di un titolo di proprietà, ecc.) valido

7 (fam.) buono; bravo; capace: a sound player, un bravo giocatore

8 (fam.) forte; sonoro; bello (fam.): a sound defeat, una bella batosta; a sound slap, un sonoro ceffone, un bello schiaffo

● sound-headed, equilibrato (fig.) □ (fam.) sound in life and limb, in buona salute; in forma □ (fin.) a sound investment, un investimento sicuro □ sound-minded, dotato di buonsenso □ (fin.) sound money, moneta stabile □ sound sense, buonsenso □ a sound thrashing, una bella bastonatura; un fracco di botte (pop.) □ sound views, vedute giuste; idee sane □ (fam.) as sound as a bell, ( di persona) sano come un pesce; ( di cosa) in perfette condizioni.
♦ sound (2) /saʊnd/
A n. [uc]

1 suono ( anche fig.); rumore; rombo; rimbombo; rintocco: (fon.) vowel sounds, suoni vocalici; What was that sound?, cosa è stato quel rumore?; the sound of footsteps, il rumore dei passi; The sound of aircraft landing, il rombo degli aerei che atterrano; the sound of bells, il rintocco delle campane; a metallic sound, un suono metallico

2 tono: I like the sound of her voice, mi piace il tono della sua voce

3 ( radio) suono; voce (fam.)

4 (cinem.) (il) sonoro

5 (TV) (il) sonoro; audio: loss of sound, scomparsa del sonoro; Turn down the sound, will you?, abbassa l'audio (o il volume), per favore!

6 (fig.) modo in cui si mettono le cose: From the sound of it, I'm afraid the strike may go on for weeks, da come si mettono le cose, temo che lo sciopero vada avanti per delle settimane; by the sound of it, a quanto pare

B a. attr.

1 (fis.) acustico: sound absorption, assorbimento acustico

2 (mus., cinem., TV) sonoro: a sound film, un film sonoro; sound effects, effetti sonori

3 (ling.) fonetico: sound law, legge fonetica; sound system, sistema fonetico

● (aeron.) sound barrier, muro del suono: to break the sound barrier, superare il muro del suono □ (fam.) sound bite ► sound-bite □ (mus.) sound body ► soundbox □ (cinem., TV) sound by…, tecnico del suono… ( seguito dal nome) □ (comput.) sound card, scheda audio □ (tecn.) sound check, controllo dell'audio □ sound conditioned, insonorizzato □ (tecn.) sound deadener, materiale fonoassorbente □ sound engineer, tecnico del suono; (cinem.) fonico □ (comm.) sound equipment, attrezzature acustiche □ (mus.) sound grill, griglia sonora ( di fisarmonica) □ (fis.) sound-level meter, fonometro □ sound library, fonoteca □ sound meter = sound-level meter ► sopra □ sound mixer, apparecchio per il missaggio ( di un film, ecc.), mixer; tecnico addetto al missaggio □ (mus.) sound post, anima ( di un violino, ecc.) □ sound projector, proiettore sonoro □ ( anche mil.) sound ranging, fonotelemetria □ (tecn.) sound-ranging altimeter, altimetro acustico □ sound recorder, fonoregistratore □ ( slang USA) sound sheet, disco fonografico inserito in una rivista; dischetto ( da pochi soldi) □ (ling.) sound shift, cambiamento fonetico; rotazione consonantica □ (cinem., radio, TV) sound technician (o recordist), fonico; tecnico del suono □ (cinem.) sound track, colonna sonora □ ( USA) sound truck, furgone con altoparlante □ (fis.) sound wave, onda sonora □ out of sound, fuori del campo uditivo □ to be within sound of st., essere in grado di udire qc.; essere a portata di orecchio □ We liked the sound of his report, il tenore della sua relazione ci fece piacere.
sound (3) /saʊnd/
n.

sonda ( anche med.); scandaglio.
sound (4) /saʊnd/
n. (geogr.)

1 braccio di mare; stretto

2 ( USA) laguna.
sound (5) /saʊnd/
n.

(zool.) vescica natatoria ( dei pesci).
♦ (to) sound (1) /saʊnd/
A v. i.

1 suonare ( anche fig.); echeggiare; rimbombare; risuonare; squillare: His last words sounded in my ears, le sue ultime parole mi risuonavano nelle orecchie; The bugles sounded, squillarono le trombe; This sentence doesn't sound well, questa frase suona male

2 sembrare, apparire, parere ( al suono): His idea sounds like a good one, la sua idea pare buona; DIALOGO → - After the cinema- That sounds good, buona idea; His voice sounded troubled, la sua voce appariva turbata; Your cough sounds better, sembra che la tosse ti stia passando; to sound as if (o as though) sembrare che: It sounds as if the economic situation is getting worse and worse, sembra che la congiuntura peggiori sempre più

B v. t.

1 suonare; ( dell'orologio) battere: (mil.) to sound the alarm [the retreat], suonare l'allarme [la ritirata]; The clock sounds the hour, l'orologio batte l'ora

2 far risuonare; battere su (qc. per controllarne il suono): to sound the wheels of a railway carriage, battere sulle ruote di una carrozza ferroviaria

3 (med.) auscultare

4 (fon.) pronunciare: The «h» in «heir» is not sounded, l'«h» nella parola «heir» non si pronuncia (o è muta)

5 (lett.) celebrare; proclamare; cantare (fig.): to sound sb. 's praises, cantar le lodi di q.

● to sound hollow, dare un suono cupo (o sordo); ( di scusa, pretesto, ecc.) suonare falso (o fasullo) □ (autom.) to sound one's horn, suonare (il clacson) □ (fig.) to sound a note of warning, far squillare un campanello d'allarme □ to sound off, (mil.) suonare; dare un segnale suonando; ( di soldati in marcia) cadenzare il passo ad alta voce; (fig. fam.) cantarla chiara, parlare apertamente; (fam. USA) concionare, pontificare; ( anche) lagnarsi, protestare, fare rimostranze □ to sound sb. 's praises far and wide, fare lodi sperticate a q.; portare q. alle stelle.
(to) sound (2) /saʊnd/
A v. t.

1 sondare; (naut.) scandagliare; (med.) esaminare con la sonda: to sound the bottom of the sea, scandagliare il fondo del mare; to sound the depth of a channel, sondare la profondità d'un canale marittimo; (med.) to sound the bladder, esaminare la vescica con la sonda

2 (fig., spesso to sound out) scandagliare; sondare; indagare su; sondare l'animo di, tastare il terreno (fig.): to sound sb. 's feelings, sondare i sentimenti di q.; Did you sound him out on ( o about) the subject?, hai tastato il terreno con lui in proposito?

B v. i.

1 (naut.) affondare lo scandaglio; misurare la profondità dell'acqua

2 ( delle balene e di alcuni pesci) immergersi; puntare verso il fondo.

* * *
I 1. [saʊnd]
nome

1) fis. telev. rad. suono m.

2) (noise) rumore m.; (of bell, instrument, voice) suono m.

the sound of voices — il brusio

without a sound — senza fare rumore

3) (volume) audio m., volume m.

4) mus. (distinctive style)

the Motown sound — il sound Motown

5) fig. (impression from hearsay)

I don't like the sound of that — (la cosa) non mi ispira o non mi piace per niente

by the sound of it,... — a quanto pare
2.
modificatore [engineer, technician] del suono
3.
aggettivo

1) (in good condition) [building, constitution] solido; [ heart] forte; [lungs, physique] sano; [ health] buono

of sound mind — sano di mente

2) (well-founded) [basis, education] solido; [ judgment] sensato; [ advice] valido

he has a sound grasp of the basic grammar — ha delle solide basi grammaticali

a sound move — una mossa accorta

3) (trustworthy)

he's very sound — è molto fidato

4) econ. comm. [ investment] sicuro; [ management] oculato

5) (deep) [ sleep] profondo

6) (correct, acceptable)

that is sound economics — è molto sensato dal punto di vista economico

our products are ecologically sound — i nostri prodotti sono ecologicamente compatibili

he's politically sound — ha sane idee politiche
4.
avverbio

to be sound asleep — essere profondamente addormentato, dormire della grossa
II 1. [saʊnd]
verbo transitivo

1) fare suonare [ siren]; suonare [ trumpet]

to sound one's horn — suonare il clacson

to sound the alarm — dare l'allarme (anche fig.)

2) ling. pronunciare [ letter]

3) med. auscultare [ chest]

4) (express) dare [ warning]
2.
verbo intransitivo

1) (seem) sembrare

it sounds good — sembra proprio interessante

it sounds as if he's really in trouble — sembra che sia proprio nei pasticci

it sounds dangerous — sembra pericoloso

it doesn't sound to me as if he's interested — non mi pare proprio che sia interessato

2) (give impression by voice or tone)

to sound banal, boring — sembrare banale, noioso

you make it sound interesting — lo rendi interessante

you sound as if you've got a cold — sembri raffreddato

that sounds like a flute — si direbbe un flauto

you sound like my mother! — mi sembra di sentire mia madre!

I don't want to sound pessimistic — non voglio sembrare pessimista

spell it as it sounds — scrivilo come si pronuncia

3) (convey impression) fare, suonare

she calls herself Geraldine - it sounds more sophisticated — si fa chiamare Geraldine - fa più sofisticato

it may sound silly, but... — può sembrare stupido, ma

4) (make a noise) [trumpet, alarm, buzzer, siren] suonare

•

- sound off

- sound out
III [saʊnd]
nome geogr. stretto m.

English-Italian dictionary > sound
10 Introduction

   Portugal is a small Western European nation with a large, distinctive past replete with both triumph and tragedy. One of the continent's oldest nation-states, Portugal has frontiers that are essentially unchanged since the late 14th century. The country's unique character and 850-year history as an independent state present several curious paradoxes. As of 1974, when much of the remainder of the Portuguese overseas empire was decolonized, Portuguese society appeared to be the most ethnically homogeneous of the two Iberian states and of much of Europe. Yet, Portuguese society had received, over the course of 2,000 years, infusions of other ethnic groups in invasions and immigration: Phoenicians, Greeks, Celts, Romans, Suevi, Visigoths, Muslims (Arab and Berber), Jews, Italians, Flemings, Burgundian French, black Africans, and Asians. Indeed, Portugal has been a crossroads, despite its relative isolation in the western corner of the Iberian Peninsula, between the West and North Africa, Tropical Africa, and Asia and America. Since 1974, Portugal's society has become less homogeneous, as there has been significant immigration of former subjects from its erstwhile overseas empire.

   Other paradoxes should be noted as well. Although Portugal is sometimes confused with Spain or things Spanish, its very national independence and national culture depend on being different from Spain and Spaniards. Today, Portugal's independence may be taken for granted. Since 1140, except for 1580-1640 when it was ruled by Philippine Spain, Portugal has been a sovereign state. Nevertheless, a recurring theme of the nation's history is cycles of anxiety and despair that its freedom as a nation is at risk. There is a paradox, too, about Portugal's overseas empire(s), which lasted half a millennium (1415-1975): after 1822, when Brazil achieved independence from Portugal, most of the Portuguese who emigrated overseas never set foot in their overseas empire, but preferred to immigrate to Brazil or to other countries in North or South America or Europe, where established Portuguese overseas communities existed.

   Portugal was a world power during the period 1415-1550, the era of the Discoveries, expansion, and early empire, and since then the Portuguese have experienced periods of decline, decadence, and rejuvenation. Despite the fact that Portugal slipped to the rank of a third- or fourth-rate power after 1580, it and its people can claim rightfully an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions that assure their place both in world and Western history. These distinctions should be kept in mind while acknowledging that, for more than 400 years, Portugal has generally lagged behind the rest of Western Europe, although not Southern Europe, in social and economic developments and has remained behind even its only neighbor and sometime nemesis, Spain.

   Portugal's pioneering role in the Discoveries and exploration era of the 15th and 16th centuries is well known. Often noted, too, is the Portuguese role in the art and science of maritime navigation through the efforts of early navigators, mapmakers, seamen, and fishermen. What are often forgotten are the country's slender base of resources, its small population largely of rural peasants, and, until recently, its occupation of only 16 percent of the Iberian Peninsula. As of 1139—10, when Portugal emerged first as an independent monarchy, and eventually a sovereign nation-state, England and France had not achieved this status. The Portuguese were the first in the Iberian Peninsula to expel the Muslim invaders from their portion of the peninsula, achieving this by 1250, more than 200 years before Castile managed to do the same (1492).

   Other distinctions may be noted. Portugal conquered the first overseas empire beyond the Mediterranean in the early modern era and established the first plantation system based on slave labor. Portugal's empire was the first to be colonized and the last to be decolonized in the 20th century. With so much of its scattered, seaborne empire dependent upon the safety and seaworthiness of shipping, Portugal was a pioneer in initiating marine insurance, a practice that is taken for granted today. During the time of Pombaline Portugal (1750-77), Portugal was the first state to organize and hold an industrial trade fair. In distinctive political and governmental developments, Portugal's record is more mixed, and this fact suggests that maintaining a government with a functioning rule of law and a pluralist, representative democracy has not been an easy matter in a country that for so long has been one of the poorest and least educated in the West. Portugal's First Republic (1910-26), only the third republic in a largely monarchist Europe (after France and Switzerland), was Western Europe's most unstable parliamentary system in the 20th century. Finally, the authoritarian Estado Novo or "New State" (1926-74) was the longest surviving authoritarian system in modern Western Europe. When Portugal departed from its overseas empire in 1974-75, the descendants, in effect, of Prince Henry the Navigator were leaving the West's oldest empire.

   Portugal's individuality is based mainly on its long history of distinc-tiveness, its intense determination to use any means — alliance, diplomacy, defense, trade, or empire—to be a sovereign state, independent of Spain, and on its national pride in the Portuguese language. Another master factor in Portuguese affairs deserves mention. The country's politics and government have been influenced not only by intellectual currents from the Atlantic but also through Spain from Europe, which brought new political ideas and institutions and novel technologies. Given the weight of empire in Portugal's past, it is not surprising that public affairs have been hostage to a degree to what happened in her overseas empire. Most important have been domestic responses to imperial affairs during both imperial and internal crises since 1415, which have continued to the mid-1970s and beyond. One of the most important themes of Portuguese history, and one oddly neglected by not a few histories, is that every major political crisis and fundamental change in the system—in other words, revolution—since 1415 has been intimately connected with a related imperial crisis. The respective dates of these historical crises are: 1437, 1495, 1578-80, 1640, 1820-22, 1890, 1910, 1926-30, 1961, and 1974. The reader will find greater detail on each crisis in historical context in the history section of this introduction and in relevant entries.

   LAND AND PEOPLE

   The Republic of Portugal is located on the western edge of the Iberian Peninsula. A major geographical dividing line is the Tagus River: Portugal north of it has an Atlantic orientation; the country to the south of it has a Mediterranean orientation. There is little physical evidence that Portugal is clearly geographically distinct from Spain, and there is no major natural barrier between the two countries along more than 1,214 kilometers (755 miles) of the Luso-Spanish frontier. In climate, Portugal has a number of microclimates similar to the microclimates of Galicia, Estremadura, and Andalusia in neighboring Spain. North of the Tagus, in general, there is an Atlantic-type climate with higher rainfall, cold winters, and some snow in the mountainous areas. South of the Tagus is a more Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry, often rainless summers and cool, wet winters. Lisbon, the capital, which has a fifth of the country's population living in its region, has an average annual mean temperature about 16° C (60° F).

   For a small country with an area of 92,345 square kilometers (35,580 square miles, including the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and the Madeiras), which is about the size of the state of Indiana in the United States, Portugal has a remarkable diversity of regional topography and scenery. In some respects, Portugal resembles an island within the peninsula, embodying a unique fusion of European and non-European cultures, akin to Spain yet apart. Its geography is a study in contrasts, from the flat, sandy coastal plain, in some places unusually wide for Europe, to the mountainous Beira districts or provinces north of the Tagus, to the snow-capped mountain range of the Estrela, with its unique ski area, to the rocky, barren, remote Trás-os-Montes district bordering Spain. There are extensive forests in central and northern Portugal that contrast with the flat, almost Kansas-like plains of the wheat belt in the Alentejo district. There is also the unique Algarve district, isolated somewhat from the Alentejo district by a mountain range, with a microclimate, topography, and vegetation that resemble closely those of North Africa.

   Although Portugal is small, just 563 kilometers (337 miles) long and from 129 to 209 kilometers (80 to 125 miles) wide, it is strategically located on transportation and communication routes between Europe and North Africa, and the Americas and Europe. Geographical location is one key to the long history of Portugal's three overseas empires, which stretched once from Morocco to the Moluccas and from lonely Sagres at Cape St. Vincent to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is essential to emphasize the identity of its neighbors: on the north and east Portugal is bounded by Spain, its only neighbor, and by the Atlantic Ocean on the south and west. Portugal is the westernmost country of Western Europe, and its shape resembles a face, with Lisbon below the nose, staring into the

   Atlantic. No part of Portugal touches the Mediterranean, and its Atlantic orientation has been a response in part to turning its back on Castile and Léon (later Spain) and exploring, traveling, and trading or working in lands beyond the peninsula. Portugal was the pioneering nation in the Atlantic-born European discoveries during the Renaissance, and its diplomatic and trade relations have been dominated by countries that have been Atlantic powers as well: Spain; England (Britain since 1707); France; Brazil, once its greatest colony; and the United States.

   Today Portugal and its Atlantic islands have a population of roughly 10 million people. While ethnic homogeneity has been characteristic of it in recent history, Portugal's population over the centuries has seen an infusion of non-Portuguese ethnic groups from various parts of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Between 1500 and 1800, a significant population of black Africans, brought in as slaves, was absorbed in the population. And since 1950, a population of Cape Verdeans, who worked in menial labor, has resided in Portugal. With the influx of African, Goan, and Timorese refugees and exiles from the empire—as many as three quarters of a million retornados ("returned ones" or immigrants from the former empire) entered Portugal in 1974 and 1975—there has been greater ethnic diversity in the Portuguese population. In 2002, there were 239,113 immigrants legally residing in Portugal: 108,132 from Africa; 24,806 from Brazil; 15,906 from Britain; 14,617 from Spain; and 11,877 from Germany. In addition, about 200,000 immigrants are living in Portugal from eastern Europe, mainly from Ukraine. The growth of Portugal's population is reflected in the following statistics:

   1527 1,200,000 (estimate only)

   1768 2,400,000 (estimate only)

   1864 4,287,000 first census

   1890 5,049,700

   1900 5,423,000

   1911 5,960,000

   1930 6,826,000

   1940 7,185,143

   1950 8,510,000

   1960 8,889,000

   1970 8,668,000* note decrease

   1980 9,833,000

   1991 9,862,540

   1996 9,934,100

   2006 10,642,836

   2010 10,710,000 (estimated)

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Introduction
11 mark

1. noun
1) ((also Deutsche Mark, Deutschmark) the standard unit of German currency before the euro.)

2) (a point given as a reward for good work etc: She got good marks in the exam.)

3) (a stain: That spilt coffee has left a mark on the carpet.)

4) (a sign used as a guide to position etc: There's a mark on the map showing where the church is.)

5) (a cross or other sign used instead of a signature: He couldn't sign his name, so he made his mark instead.)

6) (an indication or sign of a particular thing: a mark of respect.)
2. verb
1) (to put a mark or stain on, or to become marked or stained: Every pupil's coat must be marked with his name; That coffee has marked the tablecloth; This white material marks easily.)

2) (to give marks to (a piece of work): I have forty exam-papers to mark tonight.)

3) (to show; to be a sign of: X marks the spot where the treasure is buried.)

4) (to note: Mark it down in your notebook.)

5) ((in football etc) to keep close to (an opponent) so as to prevent his getting the ball: Your job is to mark the centre-forward.)

•

- marked
- markedly
- marker
- marksman
- marksmanship
- leave/make one's mark
- mark out
- mark time
* * *
I [ma:k]
noun

znak, znamenje; madež, brazgotina, praska, zareza; odtis, žig; British English red, ocena (šolska); economy varstvena (tovarniška) znamka; cilj, tarča; figuratively standard, raven, norma, ugled; znak, križ (nepismenega človeka); military tip, model; sport startno mesto (tek), mesto za kazenski strel (nogomet), sredina želodca (boks); history marka, mejno ozemlje

ear mark — razpoznavni znak na ušesu, figuratively razpoznavni znak

distinctive mark — razpoznavni znak

a mark V tank — tank tipa V

mark moot — občinski zbor, shod

below the mark — pod običajno ravnijo, nezadovoljiv, bolan

beside the mark — mimo tarče, figuratively netočen, nepravilen, zgrešen, irelevanten

American slang easy mark — lahkovernež

sport to get off the mark — startati

to hit the mark — zadeti, uspeti

to leave one's mark — pustiti sled

a man of mark — ugleden človek

to make one's mark upon ( —ali with) — uspeti, uveljaviti se pri

to make a mark in the calender — zaznamovati dan v koledarju

slang not my mark — ni po mojem okusu, mi ne odgovarja

to miss the mark — zgrešiti, ne uspeti

bad marks — slabo spričevalo (v šoli)

to obtain full marks — dobiti dobre ocene

off the mark — čisto napačen, zgrešen

you are quite off the mark — zelo se motite

to overshoot the mark — ustreliti preko tarče; iti predaleč, gnati predaleč

straight off the mark — takoj

(god) save the mark — bog pomagaj če povem (opravičilo preden se pove kaj neprijetnega)

economy trade mark — varstvena (tovarniška) znamka

to toe the mark — storiti svojo dolžnost

up to the mark — na običajni ravni, zadovoljiv, dobrega zdravja

wide of the mark — daleč mimo, figuratively zelo zgrešen

within the mark — v dovoljenih mejah, upravičen

mark of mouth — znak starosti (po konjevih zobeh)

marks of punctuation — ločila

question mark — vprašaj
II [ma:k]
transitive verb

zaznamovati, označiti; vžgati znak, žigosati, pustiti znanienje, biti znak ( for za); izbrati določiti predvideti ( for za); izraziti, pokazati; redovati (v šoli); opaziti, zapomniti si; economy označiti blago, določiti blagu ceno; sport kriti, ovirati nasprotnika (nogomet)

to mark time — tolči takt z nogami, stopati na mestu; figuratively čakati, ostati na mestu

that marks him for a leader — to kaže, da bi bil primeren za voditelja

to mark one's displeasure by whistling — pokazati svoje nezadovoljstvo z žvižganjem

mark my words! — zapomni si moje besede!

mark! — pazi!
III [ma:k]
noun

marka (denar); mera za težo zlata in srebra (ca 8 unč)

English-Slovenian dictionary > mark
12 individualize

in·di·vidu·al·ize [ˌɪndɪʼvɪʤuəlaɪz] vt

to \individualize sth

1) ( adapt) etw nach individuellen Bedürfnissen ausrichten [o gestalten];

we have to \individualize our service wir müssen unseren Service stärker an individuellen Kundenbedürfnissen orientieren

2) ( make distinctive) etw individuell[er] gestalten, etw dat eine individuelle[re] [o persönliche[re]]; [o eigene] Note verleihen [o geben]

English-German students dictionary > individualize
13 sound

sound

A n

1 Phys son m ; to fly at the speed of sound voler à la vitesse du son ;

2 TV, Radio, Video son m ; he works in sound il est ingénieur du son ;

3 ( noise) (of storm, sea, wind, car, machinery, footsteps) bruit m (of de) ; (of bell, instrument, voice) son m (of de) ; a grating ou rasping sound un grincement ; the sound of voices/footsteps un bruit de voix/pas ; without a sound sans bruit ;

4 ( volume) son m ; to turn the sound up/down monter/baisser le son or le volume ; her television has very good sound le son de sa télévision est très bon ;

5 Mus ( distinctive style) the Motown sound le style de Motown ;

6 fig ( impression from hearsay) a 24 hour flight? I don't like the sound of that! un vol de 24 heures? cela ne me tente pas! or ça ne me dit rien ; ( when situation is threatening) a reorganization? I don't like the sound of that une restructuration? ça m'inquiète or ça ne me dit rien qui vaille ; by the sound of it, we're in for a rough crossing d'après ce qu'on a dit, la traversée va être mauvaise ; he was in a bad temper that day, by the sound of it il semble que ce jour-là il ait été de mauvaise humeur ;

7 Med sonde f ;

8 Geog détroit m ; Plymouth Sound le détroit de Plymouth.

B modif TV, Radio [engineer, technician] du son.

C adj

1 ( in good condition) [roof, foundations, building, heart, constitution] solide ; [lungs, physique] sain ; [health] bon/bonne ; to be of sound mind être sain d'esprit ;

2 (solid, well-founded) [argument, basis, education, knowledge] solide ; [judgment] sain ; let me give you some sound advice permettez-moi de vous donner un bon conseil ; he has a sound grasp of the basic grammar il a une bonne compréhension des bases grammaticales ; a sound move une décision or démarche avisée ;

3 ( of good character) he's very sound on peut avoir confiance en lui ;

4 Fin, Comm [investment] bon/bonne, sûr ; [management] sain ;

5 ( thorough) to give sb a sound thrashing donner une bonne râclée ○ à qn ;

6 ( deep) [sleep] profond ;

7 (correct, acceptable) that is sound economics, that makes sound economic sense du point de vue économique, c'est très sensé ; our products are ecologically sound nos produits ne nuisent pas à l'environnement ; she's politically sound, her ideas are politically sound elle a des idées politiques de bon ton.

D vtr

1 ( use) [person, ship] faire retentir [siren, foghorn] ; to sound one's horn klaxonner ; lit, fig to sound the alarm sonner or donner l'alarme ;

2 Mus, Mil sonner [trumpet, bugle, reveille, the retreat] ; frapper [gong] ;

3 Ling prononcer [letter] (in de) ;

4 Med ausculter [chest] ; sonder [body cavity] ;

5 † Rail sonder [wheels] ;

6 Naut sonder [depth] ;

7 (give, express) donner [warning] (about au sujet de) ; to sound a note of caution lancer un appel à la prudence.

E vi

1 ( seem) sembler ; the salary certainly sounds good le salaire semble vraiment intéressant ; it sounds as if he's really in trouble il semble qu'il ait vraiment des ennuis ; it sounds to me as though the best plan would be to cancel il me semble que le mieux serait d'annuler ; it sounds like she's had enough of him il semble qu'elle en ait assez de lui ; it sounds like it might be dangerous ça a l'air dangereux ; it sounds like it should be fun! ça promet d'être amusant! ; it doesn't sound to me as if she's interested je ne pense pas qu'elle soit intéressée ; that sounds like a good idea! ça m'a l'air d'une bonne idée ; a stream in the garden-that sounds nice! un ruisseau dans le jardin! ça doit être agréable! ;

2 ( give impression by voice or tone) to sound banal/boring [comment, idea] paraître banal/ennuyeux ; Anne phoned-she sounded in good form Anne a téléphoné-elle avait l'air en forme ; you make it sound interesting à t'écouter ça a l'air intéressant ; you sound fed up/as if you've got a cold on dirait que tu en as marre ○ /que tu es enrhumé ; it sounds as if he's choking/crying on dirait qu'il étouffe/pleure ; he sounds like an American on dirait un américain, il a un accent américain ; that sounds like a flute on dirait une flûte ; you sound like my mother! on dirait ma mère qui parle! ; I don't want to sound pessimistic je ne voudrais pas avoir l'air pessimiste ; spell it as it sounds écris-le comme ça se prononce ; the dawn chorus sounded wonderful le chant matinal des oiseaux était merveilleux ; the singer did not sound in top form le chanteur n'était pas au mieux de sa forme ; in foggy weather, everything sounds closer quand il y a du brouillard, tous les bruits paraissent plus proches ;

3 ( convey impression) faire ; she calls herself Geraldine-it sounds more sophisticated elle se fait appeler Géraldine-ça fait plus sophistiqué ; it may sound silly, but… ça a peut-être l'air idiot, mais… ;

4 ( make a noise) [trumpet, bugle, horn, alarm, buzzer] sonner ; [siren, foghorn] hurler ;

5 Zool [whale] plonger en profondeur.

F adv to be sound asleep dormir à poings fermés.

Phrasal verbs

■ sound off ○:

▶ sound off rebattre les oreilles aux gens ○ (about au sujet de).

■ sound out:

▶ sound out [sb], sound [sb] out sonder, interroger [colleague, partner, investor].

Big English-French dictionary > sound

См. также в других словарях:

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Note — Note, n. [F. note, L. nota; akin to noscere, notum, to know. See {Know}.] 1. A mark or token by which a thing may be known; a visible sign; a character; a distinctive mark or feature; a characteristic quality. [1913 Webster] Whosoever appertain… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Note of hand — Note Note, n. [F. note, L. nota; akin to noscere, notum, to know. See {Know}.] 1. A mark or token by which a thing may be known; a visible sign; a character; a distinctive mark or feature; a characteristic quality. [1913 Webster] Whosoever… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
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